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Elizabeth H. Kim, Melissa Preissner, Richard P. Carnibella, Chaminda R. Samarage, Ellen Bennett, Marcio A. Diniz, Andreas Fouras, Graeme R. Zosky, and Heather D. Jones

Increased dead space is an important prognostic marker in early acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that correlates with mortality. The cause of increased dead space in ARDS has largely been attributed to increased alveolar dead space due to ventilation/perfusion mismatching and shunt. In this article, the authors sought to determine whether anatomic dead space also increases in response to mechanical ventilation.